{ "schema_version": "1.0", "generated": "2026-04-14T00:00:00Z", "last_updated": "2026-04-14 (session 36)", "program": "SST", "linkages": [ { "id": "sst-starfish-sspicy-study-to-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155352, "title": "Starfish SSPICY Concept Study" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 182206, "title": "SSPICY flight mission" }, "relation": "advanced_to", "mechanism": "NASA Phase III SBIR downselect from 4 parallel concept studies", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort technologyOutcomes Advanced_To/Advanced_From on both projects", "USASpending 80NSSC24CA187 $12.00M" ], "session": 1 }, { "id": "sst-starfish-sbir-ii-to-iii", "from": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "80NSSC23CA154", "amount": 1240000, "title": "CETACEAN SBIR Phase II" }, "to": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "80NSSC24CA187", "amount": 12000000, "title": "SSPICY SBIR Phase III" }, "relation": "followed_by", "mechanism": "CETACEAN RPOD nav software enables SSPICY mission", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "Same firm, sequential awards, CETACEAN software integrated in Otter" ], "session": 1 }, { "id": "sst-starfish-nasa-usaf-dual-use", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 182206, "title": "SSPICY (NASA SST Phase III)" }, "to": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "FA252124C0013", "amount": 25700000, "title": "USAF STRATFI Space Mobility & Logistics" }, "relation": "parallel_dual_use", "mechanism": "Same Otter platform funded concurrently by NASA civil and USAF mil programs", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "Both awards name Otter spacecraft", "Overlapping 2024+ period" ], "session": 1 }, { "id": "sst-tyvak-cpod-to-ptd", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 11588, "title": "CPOD \u2014 CubeSat Proximity Operations Demo" }, "to": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "NNA17BF41C", "amount": 21480000, "title": "PTD spacecraft bus contract" }, "relation": "followed_by", "mechanism": "CPOD matured Tyvak's 3U bus; PTD extended to 6U bus platform for payload hosting", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "Same company, sequential contracts, common bus heritage, NTRS PTD status paper confirms lineage" ], "session": 2 }, { "id": "sst-tyvak-ptd-to-sda", "from": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "NNA17BF41C", "amount": 21480000, "title": "PTD spacecraft bus contract" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "SDA press release", "title": "Terran Orbital SDA Tranche 2 TL Gamma $254M" }, "relation": "enabled", "mechanism": "PTD flight heritage on 6U CubeSat bus enabled Tyvak/Terran Orbital to win SDA production contracts for 134+ satellites", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "Terran Orbital press releases citing PTD heritage", "SDA T2TL Gamma $254M award Aug 2024" ], "session": 2 }, { "id": "sst-tyvak-to-lockheed-acquisition", "from": { "type": "external", "source": "SDA contracts", "title": "Terran Orbital SDA satellite production" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Lockheed Martin press release", "title": "Lockheed Martin acquires Terran Orbital Oct 2024" }, "relation": "acquisition", "mechanism": "SDA production capability + flight heritage made Terran Orbital acquisition target", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Lockheed Martin press release Oct 30 2024", "SpaceNews coverage", "$0.25/share + debt assumption" ], "session": 2 }, { "id": "sst-lcot-to-tbird", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 157459, "title": "Low-Cost Optical Terminal (SCaN program)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106821, "title": "PTD-3 TBIRD" }, "relation": "infused_to", "mechanism": "LCOT ground terminal technology infused to TBIRD optical comm demo", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort technologyOutcomes Infused_To on project 157459, Infused_From on project 106821" ], "session": 2 }, { "id": "sst-hydros-tippingpoint-to-ptd1", "from": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "NNA16BD36C", "amount": 1340000, "title": "TUI HYDROS Tipping Point" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91649, "title": "PTD-1 HYDROS flight demo" }, "relation": "advanced_to", "mechanism": "Tipping Point contract matured HYDROS; SST PTD-1 provided flight demo", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PTD-1 Advanced_From Mar 2018", "USASpending Tipping Point contract NNA16BD36C", "NTRS PTD status paper confirms HYDROS on PTD-1" ], "session": 2 }, { "id": "sst-bct-xnav-to-kayhan", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106811, "title": "BCT X-NAV Autonomous Navigation Demo" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "TechPort PI data", "title": "Kayhan Space founded by Siamak Hesar" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Hesar worked on SST-funded X-NAV at BCT, then founded Kayhan Space applying autonomous GNC to STM", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "Hesar listed as PI on both TechPort 106811 (BCT) and 155358 (Kayhan)", "Kayhan Pathfinder product uses autonomous GNC" ], "session": 2 }, { "id": "sst-tui-acquired-amergint", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91500, "title": "HYDROS Thruster (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "BusinessWire May 2020", "title": "AMERGINT acquires Tethers Unlimited" }, "relation": "acquisition", "mechanism": "TUI with SST-matured HYDROS and in-space manufacturing tech acquired by AMERGINT/ARKA Group", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "BusinessWire announcement May 6 2020" ], "session": 2 }, { "id": "sst-bct-acquired-raytheon", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91498, "title": "Hyper-XACT ADCS (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "BusinessWire Dec 2020", "title": "Raytheon acquires Blue Canyon Technologies" }, "relation": "acquisition", "mechanism": "BCT with SST-funded ADCS and bus products acquired by Raytheon Intelligence & Space", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "BusinessWire announcement Dec 21 2020", "SpaceNews coverage" ], "session": 2 }, { "id": "sst-bct-starling-to-darpa-blackjack", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106822, "title": "Starling 4-CubeSat Swarm Demo" }, "to": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "HR001120C0094", "amount": 73220000, "title": "DARPA Blackjack Phases 2 & 3" }, "relation": "parallel_dual_use", "mechanism": "BCT XB-series bus platform serves both SST Starling (swarm demo) and DARPA Blackjack (LEO constellation). Same bus heritage, different missions", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending HR001120C0094 $73.22M", "BCT XB1 bus on Starling, bus contracts for Blackjack" ], "session": 3 }, { "id": "sst-bct-starling-to-starling15", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106822, "title": "Starling 1.0" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155355, "title": "Starling 1.5 STM Extension" }, "relation": "advanced_to", "mechanism": "Software upgrade to existing Starling hardware for STM demonstration", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort project descriptions", "Same spacecraft buses in orbit" ], "session": 3 }, { "id": "sst-lozano-mit-to-accion", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95548, "title": "MIT Electrospray Explorer for Deep-space" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106827, "title": "Accion TILE Electrospray Demo" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Paulo Lozano is PI on MIT SST academic project AND co-founder of Accion Systems (SST commercial project). Same technology, two SST projects, one person", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI field on both projects", "Accion Systems MIT spinout founded by Lozano" ], "session": 3 }, { "id": "sst-accion-to-mda-shield", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106827, "title": "Accion TILE Electrospray Demo (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "HQ085926FG086", "amount": 500, "title": "MDA SHIELD initial order" }, "relation": "enabled", "mechanism": "SST-matured TILE electrospray selected for Missile Defense Agency SHIELD program", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "USASpending HQ085926FG086 Dec 2025", "Same firm Accion Systems" ], "session": 3 }, { "id": "sst-exoterra-courier-to-sda-tranche", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106825, "title": "ExoTerra Courier SEP Module (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Voyager press release Oct 2025", "title": "ExoTerra 21 propulsion modules for SDA Tranche 1 Transport Layer (via York Space Systems)" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "SST Tipping Point matured Halo thruster; ExoTerra subsequently supplied propulsion to SDA constellation satellites", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Voyager acquisition press release Oct 27 2025", "21 modules delivered to York for SDA T1TL" ], "session": 3 }, { "id": "sst-exoterra-acquired-voyager", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106825, "title": "ExoTerra Courier SEP Module (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "BusinessWire Oct 2025", "title": "Voyager Technologies acquires ExoTerra" }, "relation": "acquisition", "mechanism": "ExoTerra with SST-matured Halo thruster and SDA production contracts acquired by Voyager Technologies", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "BusinessWire Oct 27 2025", "SpaceNews coverage", "Facility expanded 8K\u219240K sq ft" ], "session": 3 }, { "id": "sst-duplex-iss-deploy", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106814, "title": "DUPLEX Dual Propulsion Experiment (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NASA.gov Dec 2024", "title": "DUPLEX deployed from ISS Dec 2 2024" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST Tipping Point funded dual-propulsion CubeSat; deployed from ISS for on-orbit testing", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA press release", "SpaceDaily coverage" ], "session": 3 }, { "id": "sst-stellar-to-capstone", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106831, "title": "Stellar Exploration Propulsion Qual Testing (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Stellar Exploration missions page", "title": "CAPSTONE cislunar propulsion system" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "SST qualification testing at JSC/WSTF validated propulsion system; Stellar subsequently delivered propulsion for NASA CAPSTONE mission and EchoStar EG-3 (world-record \u0394V for smallsat)", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "Stellar Exploration website missions page", "SpaceNews EchoStar coverage" ], "session": 3 }, { "id": "sst-ocsd-to-tbird-1000x", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 11587, "title": "OCSD \u2014 200 Mbps laser comms demo" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106821, "title": "TBIRD/PTD-3 \u2014 200 Gbps laser comms (world record)" }, "relation": "enabled", "mechanism": "OCSD proved CubeSat laser downlinks viable at 200 Mbps; TBIRD achieved 200 Gbps (1000x) on PTD-3 bus within 6 years. Both SST-funded.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Aerospace Corp OCSD press release", "MIT Lincoln Lab TBIRD world record", "Both SST program", "Richard Welle (OCSD PI) and TBIRD team at Aerospace Corp" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-edsn-to-nodes-spares", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 10941, "title": "EDSN \u2014 8-CubeSat swarm (lost in launch failure)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91369, "title": "Nodes \u2014 2-CubeSat relay demo" }, "relation": "recovered_from", "mechanism": "Nodes built from EDSN spare parts after Super Strypi launch failure destroyed all 8 EDSN CubeSats. Core networking objectives achieved with 2 sats instead of 8.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Wikipedia EDSN article", "NASA Nodes press release", "SpaceNews coverage" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-nodes-to-vr3x-to-starling", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91369, "title": "Nodes \u2014 inter-satellite relay (2016)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106822, "title": "Starling \u2014 4-CubeSat swarm autonomy (2023)" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "ARC institutional swarm capability: Nodes (relay, 2 sats) \u2192 V-R3x (ranging, 3 sats) \u2192 Starling (MANET mesh + autonomy, 4 sats). 10-year progression.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA V-R3x overview", "Starling NTRS papers", "All ARC-led missions" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-vulcan-sdr-to-lunar", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106800, "title": "Vulcan SDR DSN-compatible radio" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "SmallSat 2024", "title": "Vulcan radios on multiple lunar landers/orbiters" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "SST funded DSN compatibility testing; Vulcan SDR now deployed on lunar missions (first CCSDS Proximity 1 S-Band for lunar environment)", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SmallSat 2024 paper 'Vulcan Wireless is Heading to the Moon'", "USASpending $21M+ across 10+ DoD awards" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-dora-iss-deploy", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106810, "title": "DORA Deployable Optical Receiver Aperture" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "ASU News Aug 2024", "title": "DORA deployed from ISS Oct 8 2024" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST-funded 3U CubeSat with deployable optical receiver demonstrated 1 Gbps comms with only 10\u00b0 pointing requirement", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "ASU News release Aug 2 2024", "ISS deployment Oct 8 2024" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-acs3-sail-deploy", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95595, "title": "ACS3 Advanced Composite Solar Sail System" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NASA.gov Sep 2024", "title": "ACS3 solar sail deployed Aug 29 2024" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST-funded solar sail demo launched Apr 2024 on Rocket Lab Electron, NanoAvionics 12U bus, 80 m\u00b2 sail deployed. First practical NASA solar sail.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA ACS3 mission page", "NanoAvionics press release", "17 NTRS publications" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-lunar-flashlight-partial-failure", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106819, "title": "Lunar Flashlight 6U CubeSat" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "JPL May 2023", "title": "Mission terminated \u2014 propulsion failure (AM debris in fuel lines)" }, "relation": "flew_partial_failure", "mechanism": "SST-funded CubeSat launched on SLS Artemis I (Dec 2022). 3 of 4 thrusters underperformed due to debris from additively manufactured fuel system. Mission terminated May 2023. Sphinx computer and Iris radio worked.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "JPL mission end announcement", "SpaceNews coverage", "35 NTRS publications", "MSFC propulsion fracture control reports" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-disksat-launched", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106801, "title": "DiskSat flat-plate satellite demo" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "SpaceNews Dec 2025", "title": "4 DiskSats launched on Rocket Lab Electron Dec 18 2025" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST + Space Force co-funded DiskSat demo. 4 flat-plate satellites launched, 5-10x more power than CubeSats. Aerospace Corp design.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SpaceNews launch coverage", "NASA DiskSat mission page", "Pentagon co-funding" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-uflorida-moct-to-click", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 94153, "title": "U Florida Pulse Modulator (MOCT)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 94065, "title": "CLICK CubeSat Laser Crosslink" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "UF is a CLICK partner; MOCT pulse modulator technology likely feeds into CLICK-B/C optical transceiver", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "UF listed as CLICK partner in factsheet", "Both target optical crosslinks", "John Conklin (MOCT PI) and Kerri Cahoy (CLICK PI) co-investigators" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-palo-gsfc-to-cuboulder-lunar", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91378, "title": "GSFC High Rate X/S-band System" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106832, "title": "CU Boulder Lunar Comms/Nav System" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Scott Palo is PI on both projects, 7 years apart. Career arc from LEO CubeSat radios to lunar PNT.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI field on both projects" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-welle-ocsd-to-disksat", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 11587, "title": "OCSD Optical Comms Demo" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106801, "title": "DiskSat demo" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Richard Welle is PI on OCSD and lead author on DiskSat publications. Same person, same org (Aerospace Corp), bridging two major SST innovations.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI field on OCSD", "NTRS DiskSat papers list Welle as author" ], "session": 4 }, { "id": "sst-damico-sst-to-starling-starfox", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95519, "title": "Stanford ANS \u2014 Autonomous Nanosatellite Swarming" }, "to": { "type": "ntrs", "citationId": "20240007230", "title": "Starling StarFOX flight results (D'Amico et al.)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "D'Amico PI on SST ANS [95519] (2018-2020) and SST Precision GNSS [94049] (2016-2018); his SLAB lab developed StarFOX angles-only navigation flown on Starling (2023). 0.1% relative position accuracy.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI field on 95519 and 94049", "NTRS 20240007230 lists D'Amico as senior author", "Stanford SLAB news release Aug 2024" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-caps-sbir-to-capstone-to-oracle", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106812, "title": "CAPS Software (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "AFRL Space Enterprise Consortium", "title": "Oracle cislunar SDA spacecraft ($72M)" }, "relation": "enabled", "mechanism": "SBIR Phase I\u2192II\u2192SST CAPS software\u2192CAPSTONE flight\u2192CRADA data sharing\u2192$72M AFRL Oracle. Clearest SST\u2192DoD transfer pathway.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending SBIR ladder", "SpaceNews Oracle contract Nov 2022", "AFRL CRADA announcement" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-capstone-extended-mission", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106820, "title": "CAPSTONE Mission" }, "to": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "80NSSC24CA188", "amount": 36080000, "title": "CAPSTONE Extended Mission Phase III" }, "relation": "followed_by", "mechanism": "CAPSTONE primary mission success (100+ NRHO orbits) led to $36.1M Phase III extension for optical navigation experiments", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending 80NSSC24CA188", "Advanced Space press release Feb 2025" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-lauretta-sst-to-osirisrex", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95600, "title": "U Arizona ML Asteroid Navigation" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "OSIRIS-REx mission", "title": "Natural Feature Tracking for asteroid sample collection Oct 2020" }, "relation": "parallel_dual_use", "mechanism": "Dante Lauretta PI on SST [95600] (2018-2020) AND OSIRIS-REx (New Frontiers). SST project ran concurrently with Bennu proximity ops. ML navigation techniques applied to first asteroid sample return.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI field", "NTRS 20180006633 funding number NNM10AA11C (OSIRIS-REx contract)" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-alexeenko-triple", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91370, "title": "FEMTA MEMS Propulsion (Purdue)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95540, "title": "Distributed Attitude Control (Purdue)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Alina Alexeenko PI on 3 SST projects at Purdue: FEMTA [91370] (2013-16), MEMS RCS [91591] (2015-17), Distributed Attitude Control [95540] (2018-20). Same PI, same MEMS technology family, progressively higher TRL targets.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI field on all three projects" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-py4-launched", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155367, "title": "PY4 CubeSat Swarm (CMU)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "CMU news March 2024", "title": "PY4 launched on SpaceX Transporter-10 March 4 2024" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "4\u00d71.5U CubeSats demonstrating low-cost swarm: LoRa ranging, 1-GPS-anchor, magnetorquer-only. Built on PyCubed open-source avionics.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "CMU press release March 2024", "NASA SST press release", "SpaceX Transporter-10 manifest" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-r5-launched-firefly", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155354, "title": "R5 Rapid Low-Cost CubeSat (JSC)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NASA ELaNa 43", "title": "R5-S2 + R5-S4 launched on Firefly Alpha July 3 2024" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "Two 6U CubeSats (<$100K materials each) on Firefly FLTA005 Noise of Summer. R5-S1 previously lost in Astra failure Feb 2022.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA ELaNa 43 press release", "Firefly Aerospace mission page", "SpaceNews launch coverage" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-rais-zadeh-umich-to-jpl", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91596, "title": "Phonon Trap Timing Units (U Michigan)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "JPL MEMS group", "title": "Rais-Zadeh moved to JPL to lead MEMS group" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Mina Rais-Zadeh PI on SST phonon trap clocks [91596] (2015-18, TRL 3\u21926). Subsequently moved to JPL to lead MEMS group. SST-funded research pulled into NASA in-house capability.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI field on 91596", "JPL staff directory" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-vahala-caltech-jpl-matsko", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155361, "title": "Microphotonic Clocks (Caltech, Vahala)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106828, "title": "LunaNet PNT Module (UCLA, Wong)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Andrey Matsko (JPL) is co-investigator on both Vahala's microphotonic clocks [155361] and Wong's LunaNet PNT [106828]. JPL as integration node for university PNT research.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts on both projects show Andrey B Matsko" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-reaction-sphere-terminated", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91499, "title": "Reaction Sphere (Northrop Grumman)" }, "to": { "type": "null", "title": "Terminated due to technical challenges" }, "relation": "terminated", "mechanism": "Novel 3-axis attitude control device using spherical actuator. Terminated due to technical challenges that precluded success. No commercial product or follow-on.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort description explicitly states termination" ], "session": 5 }, { "id": "sst-busek-iodine-to-bit3-artemis", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106807, "title": "Iodine RF Ion Thruster (Busek/Hohman)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Busek BIT-3", "title": "BIT-3 thruster on Lunar IceCube + LunaH-Map (Artemis 1)" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "SST seed grant (2014) developed 3cm iodine RF ion thruster. Evolved into BIT-3 \u2014 world's first iodine gridded ion thruster. Selected for Lunar IceCube (Morehead State) and LunaH-Map (ASU), both Artemis 1 secondary payloads.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "IEPC-2015-273 paper (Hohman et al.)", "SatCatalog BIT-3 datasheet", "Busek product page", "NASA Artemis 1 CubeSat manifest" ], "session": 6 }, { "id": "sst-busek-green-to-bgt", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106808, "title": "1U Green Propulsion (Busek/Tsay)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Busek BGT product line", "title": "Busek Green Thruster (BGT) commercial product" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "SST seed grant developed ionic liquid green propellant module with bellows tank. Part of Busek's BGT product line for safe rideshare-compatible CubeSat propulsion.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "ResearchGate publication on Busek 1U green propulsion module", "SatNews 2013 NASA-Busek announcement", "Busek product catalog" ], "session": 6 }, { "id": "sst-usu-hybrid-to-marshall-hls", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106834, "title": "3D Printed Hybrid Propulsion (USU Whitmore)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NASA Marshall SFC", "title": "Artemis Human Landing System propulsion testing" }, "relation": "transitioned_to", "mechanism": "USU's 3D-printed ABS/N2O hybrid rocket developed under SST is being tested at Marshall for Artemis HLS descent performance and Plume Surface Interaction research.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USU press release Jan 2025", "KSL News coverage", "USU Engineering College announcement" ], "session": 6 }, { "id": "sst-mps120-aerojet-product", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106809, "title": "MPS-120 CHAMPS (ARC + Aerojet)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Aerojet Rocketdyne", "title": "MPS-120 commercial CubeSat propulsion product" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "First 3D-printed hydrazine propulsion system. Listed commercially (SatCatalog, satsearch). Also selected by Flight Opportunities. No confirmed flight heritage as of 2026.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "SatCatalog MPS-120-1U listing", "satsearch product page", "Flight Opportunities selection page", "SmallSat 2014 paper" ], "session": 6 }, { "id": "sst-aerojet-green-terminated", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91766, "title": "High-Thrust Green Propulsion (Aerojet)" }, "to": { "type": "null", "title": "Terminated due to programmatic and technical issues" }, "relation": "terminated", "mechanism": "HAN-based green propellant CubeSat CHAMPS variant. TRL stuck at 3. Terminated. Aerojet's hydrazine MPS-120 [106809] succeeded where the green variant failed.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort description states termination" ], "session": 6 }, { "id": "sst-moldwin-quadmag-mitee", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 94109, "title": "Boomless Magnetometer (U Michigan Moldwin)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "MiTEE CubeSat", "title": "Quad-Mag testing on MiTEE + JGR Space Physics publication" }, "relation": "transitioned_to", "mechanism": "Quad-Mag boomless magnetometer technology transferred to MiTEE CubeSat test. Published in JGR Space Physics 2023 (NTRS 53950636251698).", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "NTRS citation 53950636251698", "JGR Space Physics 2023 paper", "U Michigan Deep Blue repository" ], "session": 6 }, { "id": "sst-usu-swenson-cryo-thread", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91561, "title": "Active CryoCubeSat (USU Swenson)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95587, "title": "ATACOI (USU Swenson)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Charles Swenson at USU ran two sequential SST cryogenic thermal projects (2015-18 and 2018-22). 7-year persistent research thread, same PI.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI field on both projects shows Charles M Swenson" ], "session": 6 }, { "id": "sst-busek-bit3-to-artemis1-fleet", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106807, "title": "Busek Iodine RF Ion (SST seed)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NASA Artemis 1 manifest", "title": "BIT-3 on Lunar IceCube + LunaH-Map (Artemis 1, Nov 2022)" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST $200K seed (2014) \u2192 NASA SBIR maturation \u2192 BIT-3 product \u2192 flew on 2 Artemis 1 CubeSats. World's first iodine gridded ion in deep space.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA Artemis 1 manifest", "Busek BIT-3 product page", "IEPC-2015-273 paper", "USASpending NNX15CC90C $2M" ], "session": 7 }, { "id": "sst-busek-bgt-to-commercial", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106808, "title": "Busek 1U Green Propulsion (SST seed)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Busek product catalog", "title": "BGT green monopropellant product line" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "SST $200K seed (2014) \u2192 AF SBIR III (FA930014C3000 $1.36M) \u2192 BGT commercial product. Non-toxic green propellant for CubeSats.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "USASpending FA930014C3000", "Busek product catalog lists BGT" ], "session": 7 }, { "id": "sst-busek-fed-footprint-87m", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106807, "title": "Busek SST seed grants (2\u00d7 $200K)" }, "to": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "multiple", "amount": 87000000, "title": "Busek Co total federal footprint (75+ awards)" }, "relation": "context", "mechanism": "Busek's $87M+ federal footprint spans 75+ awards (DoD ~$62M, NASA ~$25M). Two SST seeds were $400K total \u2014 highest leverage ratio in SST portfolio.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending 3 pages of awards", "Founded 1985 by Dr. Vlad Hruby" ], "session": 7 }, { "id": "sst-ssep-to-nght1x-mep", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 116400, "title": "SSEP (NASA GRC + Northrop Grumman ACO)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "SpaceLogistics/NG", "title": "NGHT-1X Hall thruster \u2192 Mission Extension Pod (MEP) satellite servicing" }, "relation": "licensed_to", "mechanism": "NASA GRC H71M thruster co-developed under ACO, licensed by NG as NGHT-1X. First 3 MEPs launching 2025 for GEO comsat life extension.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort 116400 description", "NTRS 20220007774 IEPC paper", "NTRS 20230016674 erosion paper", "NASA Science article", "Interesting Engineering" ], "session": 7 }, { "id": "sst-usu-whitmore-to-marshall-hls", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106834, "title": "3D Printed Hybrid Propulsion (USU Whitmore)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NASA Marshall SFC", "title": "Hybrid rocket motor testing for HLS/PSI (30+ firings, Jan 2025)" }, "relation": "transitioned_to", "mechanism": "USU Whitmore's 3D-printed ABS/N2O hybrid motor adopted by NASA Marshall for Artemis Human Landing System descent testing and Plume Surface Interaction research.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USU Engineering press release Jan 2025", "KSL News", "Interesting Engineering", "NASA STP Tech Expo Whitmore presentation" ], "session": 7 }, { "id": "sst-usu-swenson-edge-computing", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95587, "title": "ATACOI (USU Swenson cryo thermal)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155363, "title": "Low-power FPGA Edge Computing (USU Swenson)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Swenson pivoted from cryogenic thermal (2 projects, TRL 3\u21925) to edge computing (TRL 3\u21923). 10-year persistent SST relationship with same PI, 3 total projects.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI field shows Charles M Swenson on all 3 projects" ], "session": 7 }, { "id": "sst-accion-tile-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106827, "title": "Accion TILE Electrospray Demo" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NanoAvionics D2/Atlacom-1", "title": "First electrospray orbit raise on commercial satellite (Aug 2022)" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST Tipping Point $3.89M funded TILE orbital demo. NanoAvionics M6P satellite hosted thruster. First electrospray to raise commercial satellite orbit.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "PRWeb press release Aug 2022", "SpaceNews" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-accion-mda-shield", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106827, "title": "Accion TILE Electrospray Demo" }, "to": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "HQ085926FG086", "amount": 500, "title": "MDA SHIELD initial order (Dec 2025)" }, "relation": "transitioned_to", "mechanism": "Accion/Revolution Space electrospray tech entered missile defense supply chain. SHIELD = Scalable Homeland Innovative Enterprise Layered Defense (Golden Dome).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending HQ085926FG086" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-accion-lozano-people-chain", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95548, "title": "MIT Electrospray Explorer (Lozano)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106827, "title": "Accion TILE Demo (Lozano spinout)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Paulo Lozano: MIT professor (PI on [95548]) and founder of Accion Systems (PI's company on [106827]). Academic-to-commercial technology transfer via founder's dual role.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort PI fields", "Press: MIT SPL \u2192 Accion founding 2014" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-accion-rebrand-revolution-space", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106827, "title": "Accion TILE Demo" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Revolution Space", "title": "Company rebranded from Accion Systems to Revolution Space" }, "relation": "acquisition", "mechanism": "Accion Systems rebranded to Revolution Space. $65.5M total equity raised. Tracker Capital acquired 51% in $42M Series C (July 2021).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "CBInsights", "Crunchbase", "TechCrunch July 2021" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-exoterra-sbir-pipeline", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 17736, "title": "ExoTerra SEP CubeSat Bus SBIR (2013)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106825, "title": "ExoTerra Courier SST Tipping Point (2020)" }, "relation": "sbir_pipeline", "mechanism": "10 NASA SBIR/STTR projects (2013-2021) built Halo thruster, power systems, solar arrays as separate components. SST Tipping Point integrated them into Courier 12U SEP module. 7 years of component maturation \u2192 system integration.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort: 13 projects across SBIR/STTR, SST, NIAC" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-exoterra-darpa-blackjack", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106825, "title": "ExoTerra Courier SST" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "DARPA Blackjack ACES", "title": "Halo thruster first orbital firing (June 2023)" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "ExoTerra Halo thruster (same technology as Courier module) flew on DARPA Blackjack ACES constellation spacecraft. Orbit maintenance and raising demonstrated.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SpaceNews June 2023", "ExoTerra press release" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-exoterra-sda-tranche1", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106825, "title": "ExoTerra Courier SST" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "SDA Tranche 1 Transport Layer", "title": "21 Iris250 propulsion modules to York Space Systems (May 2025)" }, "relation": "production_contract", "mechanism": "ExoTerra delivered 21 Iris250 modules (Halo thruster-based) to York Space Systems for SDA Tranche 1 satellites. Production scale: 15-24 units/month. On contract for Tranche 2.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SpaceNews May 2025", "Via Satellite" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-exoterra-voyager-acquisition", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106825, "title": "ExoTerra Courier SST" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Voyager Technologies (NYSE: VOYG)", "title": "Acquired ExoTerra Resource (Oct 2025)" }, "relation": "acquisition", "mechanism": "Voyager Technologies acquired ExoTerra (Oct 2025). Facility expanded 8K\u219240K sqft, 200 employees, doubled production. Golden Dome positioning.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "BusinessWire Oct 2025", "SpaceNews", "Denver Gazette" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-phasefour-maxwell-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106833, "title": "Phase Four RFT Lifetime Testing (GRC)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Capella Space SAR satellite", "title": "Maxwell Block 1 first flight (SpaceX Transporter-2, June 2021)" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "Phase Four Maxwell RF thruster achieved flight heritage on Capella Space satellite. First electrodeless RF thruster to fly in space. GRC lifetime testing (SST) validated product lifetime.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "PRNewswire", "SpaceNews" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-phasefour-darpa-lineage", "from": { "type": "external", "source": "DARPA", "title": "Original RF thruster concept" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106833, "title": "Phase Four RFT Lifetime Testing (GRC)" }, "relation": "advanced_from", "mechanism": "Phase Four's 2015 NASA contract (NNA15BA42C) explicitly states 'direct traceability to a larger DARPA' engine. DARPA funded the original concept; NASA/SST validated it.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending NNA15BA42C description" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-phasefour-guarneros-luna-dual", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106831, "title": "Stellar Exploration Qualification (JSC)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106833, "title": "Phase Four RFT Lifetime Testing (GRC)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Ali Guarneros Luna is NASA PI on both Stellar's propulsion qualification (JSC/WSTF) and Phase Four's lifetime testing (GRC). Same NASA engineer shepherding two competing propulsion companies through SST.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contact fields on both projects" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-stellar-capstone", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106831, "title": "Stellar Exploration Propulsion Qualification" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "CAPSTONE mission", "title": "Stellar propulsion on CAPSTONE (launched June 2022, lunar orbit Nov 2022)" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "Stellar Exploration provided monopropellant hydrazine system for CAPSTONE: 8\u00d70.25N thrusters, 200+ m/s delta-v. SST WSTF vacuum qualification was the pathway to flight readiness.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA.gov CAPSTONE page", "ExecutiveGov" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-stellar-echostar-eg3", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106831, "title": "Stellar Exploration Propulsion Qualification" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "EchoStar EG-3", "title": "Stellar propulsion on Tyvak-built EG-3 (Transporter-2, June 2021). Delta-v world record for small sats (~65 m/s initial)." }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "Stellar provided hydrazine monoprop system on Tyvak-built spacecraft for EchoStar S-band spectrum. 65 m/s initial + 485 m/s remaining. World record at time.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SpaceNews" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-stellar-tyvak-partnership", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106831, "title": "Stellar Exploration Propulsion" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 93372, "title": "Advanced Space CAPSTONE/CAPS" }, "relation": "co_flew", "mechanism": "Three SST-touched companies on CAPSTONE: Tyvak (bus), Advanced Space (navigation/CAPS), Stellar (propulsion). SST ecosystem convergence on a single mission.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA CAPSTONE mission page: Tyvak bus, Stellar propulsion, Advanced Space CAPS" ], "session": 8 }, { "id": "sst-cua-sbir-to-duplex", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 17777, "title": "CHIPS SBIR Phase II (warm gas R134a)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106814, "title": "DUPLEX dual propulsion CubeSat" }, "relation": "advanced_to", "mechanism": "CHIPS warm gas thruster evolved into MVP (Delrin variant) used in DUPLEX. SBIR matured the warm gas concept; SST Tipping Point funded the flight demo.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Same PI (David Carroll), same org (CU Aerospace), CHIPS\u2192MVP lineage described in TechPort and CUA website" ], "session": 9 }, { "id": "sst-cua-duplex-iss-deployment", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106814, "title": "DUPLEX dual propulsion CubeSat" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "ISS deployment", "title": "DUPLEX deployed from ISS December 2, 2025. Both MVP and FPPT thrusters operating on orbit." }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST Tipping Point funded flight unit build; deployed from ISS via NanoRacks/rideshare. 2-year mission plan with orbit raising/lowering demos.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA Ames press release Dec 2025", "SpaceDaily orbital trial report" ], "session": 9 }, { "id": "sst-cua-duplex-to-fppt-adr", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106814, "title": "DUPLEX FPPT pulsed plasma thruster" }, "to": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "80NSSC23CA214", "amount": 2640000, "title": "FPPT for Active Debris Removal" }, "relation": "followed_by", "mechanism": "FPPT technology demonstrated in DUPLEX SST mission \u2192 NASA awards follow-on contract for debris removal application of same thruster design.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending: 80NSSC23CA214, $2.64M, 2023-2026, CU Aerospace" ], "session": 9 }, { "id": "sst-cua-usaf-puc-predates-sst", "from": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "FA930011C0007", "amount": 3680000, "title": "USAF LRETD Propulsion Unit for CubeSats" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106814, "title": "DUPLEX SST Tipping Point" }, "relation": "preceded_by", "mechanism": "USAF invested $3.68M in CUA propulsion for CubeSats (2011-2015) before NASA SST Tipping Point (2020). DoD recognized CUA propulsion capability first.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending: FA930011C0007, 2011-2015, CU Aerospace" ], "session": 9 }, { "id": "sst-tui-hydros-ptd1-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91500, "title": "HYDROS water electrolysis thruster" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "PTD-1 mission", "title": "First water electrolysis propulsion in space. Launched Jan 24, 2021. TRL 5\u21928." }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "HYDROS-C flew as payload on PTD-1 (Tyvak 6U bus). Testing confirmed high thrust vs electric propulsion and high Isp vs monopropellant.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA PTD page", "SmallSat 2021 paper: Flight Qualification of Water Electrolysis Propulsion" ], "session": 9 }, { "id": "sst-tui-amergint-acquisition", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91500, "title": "TUI HYDROS (SST portfolio)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "AMERGINT acquisition", "title": "Tethers Unlimited acquired by AMERGINT Technology Holdings, May 2020" }, "relation": "acquisition", "mechanism": "AMERGINT (satellite ground systems, Colorado Springs) acquired TUI for undisclosed sum. Acquisition predated PTD-1 flight by 8 months.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SpaceNews May 2020", "BusinessWire press release" ], "session": 9 }, { "id": "sst-tui-arka-caci-cascade", "from": { "type": "external", "source": "AMERGINT/TUI/Danbury \u2192 ARKA Group", "title": "ARKA Group brand consolidation" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "CACI acquisition", "title": "CACI acquires ARKA Group for $2.6B all-cash, Dec 2025" }, "relation": "acquisition", "mechanism": "ARKA Group (AMERGINT + TUI + Danbury + Maxar radar) acquired by CACI International (NYSE: CACI, $7B+ defense IT). Completed early 2026.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "CACI investor relations Dec 2025", "SpaceNews", "Washington Technology" ], "session": 9 }, { "id": "sst-tui-hydros-punch-baseline", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91500, "title": "HYDROS-C (SST flight demo)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NASA PUNCH mission", "title": "HYDROS-M baselined for PUNCH heliophysics mission" }, "relation": "infused_to", "mechanism": "Larger HYDROS-M variant selected for NASA SMD PUNCH (Polarimeter to UNify the Corona and Heliosphere) mission.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "TechPort description mentions PUNCH baseline; not independently confirmed" ], "session": 9 }, { "id": "sst-tui-broad-portfolio", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91500, "title": "TUI HYDROS (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "20+ TechPort projects", "title": "TUI spans 6 domains: propulsion, ISM, robotics, comms, mobility, TPS" }, "relation": "context", "mechanism": "TUI has 20+ TechPort projects across SST, SBIR/STTR in 6 distinct technology domains. Broadest portfolio of any SST-funded company.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "techport_find_projects: 20+ results for 'Tethers Unlimited' with lead_org match" ], "session": 9 }, { "id": "sst-isara-to-marco", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 11586, "title": "ISARA Ka-band reflectarray (JPL)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "MarCO mission", "title": "MarCO twin CubeSats \u2014 first interplanetary CubeSats (Mars, 2018)" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "ISARA demonstrated Ka-band reflectarray on CubeSat in LEO (2017). Reflectarray technology directly adopted by MarCO for Mars InSight relay (2018). 10,000x downlink improvement.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NTRS 20210008645 (Martin et al. JPL flight results)", "NASA/JPL MarCO mission page", "web search confirms heritage chain" ], "session": 10 }, { "id": "sst-lunar-flashlight-ascent-failure", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106819, "title": "Lunar Flashlight (JPL)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Lessons learned", "title": "ASCENT green propellant failure \u2014 3D-printed manifold obstruction" }, "relation": "lessons_learned", "mechanism": "3 of 4 thrusters underperformed due to residual metal powder in additively manufactured manifold. Mission terminated May 12, 2023. 35 NTRS papers document the mission. Informed future green propellant missions.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA JPL press release", "NTRS 20220001605 (propulsion system paper)", "SpaceflightNow mission termination article" ], "session": 10 }, { "id": "sst-lightsey-jsc-to-gatech", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91360, "title": "CubeSat AR&D Software (JSC, Lightsey)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "GA Tech SSDL", "title": "Glenn Lightsey \u2192 GA Tech SSDL \u2192 Lunar Flashlight propulsion controller" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Glenn Lightsey was PI on JSC CubeSat AR&D (2013-2016). Moved to Georgia Tech as John W. Young Endowed Chair. His SSDL developed the propulsion system controller for Lunar Flashlight (NTRS: 20220009424). Bridges JSC\u2192GA Tech\u2192JPL.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "GA Tech faculty page", "NTRS 20220009424 (Cavender et al., GA Tech SSDL)", "AIAA Journal publication" ], "session": 10 }, { "id": "sst-radsat-gsfc-montana-state-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91661, "title": "RadSat \u2014 Rad-tolerant FPGA SmallSat Computer (GSFC + Montana State)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "RadSat-g flight", "title": "RadSat-g 3U CubeSat deployed from ISS July 13, 2018 via JEM airlock" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST project matured COTS FPGA radiation tolerance to TRL 6. RadSat-g selected by CSLI (2015), launched on Cygnus CRS-9, deployed July 2018 from ISS. Demonstrated on-orbit TRL-9.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "eoportal RadSat page", "Gunter's Space Page radsat-g", "Montana State SSEL missions page" ], "session": 10 }, { "id": "sst-palo-gsfc-to-cuboulder-maxwell", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91378, "title": "High Rate X/S-band Comms (GSFC, Scott Palo)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "CU Boulder MAXWELL CubeSat", "title": "MAXWELL CubeSat \u2014 orbital demo of Palo's SST-matured radio hardware" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "Scott Palo (CU Boulder) was PI on SST X/S-band radio [91378]. The hardware design matured under SST led to MAXWELL CubeSat at CU Boulder. Palo is now Assoc. Dean of Research.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "CU Boulder MAXWELL project page", "CU Boulder Palo faculty profile", "NTRS 20160001365 (X-band comms demo paper)" ], "session": 10 }, { "id": "sst-r5-jsc-firefly-launch", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155354, "title": "R5 \u2014 rapid low-cost 6U CubeSat (JSC)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Firefly Alpha ELaNa 43", "title": "R5-S4 and R5-S2-2.0 launched July 3, 2024 on Firefly Alpha" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "R5 CubeSats launched on Firefly Aerospace Alpha FLTA005 ('Noise of Summer') from Vandenberg SFB. ELaNa 43 mission, 8 CubeSats total. PM: Sam Pedrotty (JSC).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SpaceflightNow launch coverage", "NASA ELaNa 43 page", "Firefly Aerospace mission page" ], "session": 10 }, { "id": "sst-kayhan-tracss-transition", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155358, "title": "Kayhan SSPICY Mission Concept Study" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NOAA Office of Space Commerce", "title": "TraCSS Consolidated Pathfinder (SSA data quality monitoring)" }, "relation": "transitioned_to", "mechanism": "Kayhan selected as 1 of 5 companies for TraCSS Consolidated Pathfinder (Jan 2024). $15.5M total program. Kayhan assessed SSA data accuracy/quality. Orders via NASA Global Data Marketplace. Non-NASA federal transition of autonomous GNC expertise.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "OSC press release (space.commerce.gov)", "Breaking Defense (May 2024)", "SatNews" ], "session": 11 }, { "id": "sst-turion-spaceforce-commercialization", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155353, "title": "Turion SSPICY Mission Concept Study" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "US Space Force SpaceWERX", "title": "$32.6M STRATFI contract for 3 SDA satellites" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "Turion won $15M STRATFI + $1.9M TACFI from SpaceWERX (Dec 2024). 3 satellites (2 LEO + 1 GEO) by Oct 2028. DROID.002 launched March 15, 2025 on SpaceX Transporter-13. SST SSPICY study was parallel, not causal.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SpaceNews ($32.6M contract)", "KeepTrack.space (DROID.002)", "Veteran Ventures Capital PR" ], "session": 11 }, { "id": "sst-xnav-hesar-kayhan-people-chain", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106811, "title": "BCT X-NAV Autonomous Navigation Demo" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Kayhan Space Corp", "title": "Siamak Hesar founded Kayhan Space (2019)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Siamak Hesar was PI on BCT X-NAV (SST Tipping Point, TRL 4\u21928). Founded Kayhan Space Corp (2019) to commercialize autonomous GNC as STM software (Pathfinder, Satcat). BCT X-NAV IP \u2192 Kayhan autonomous nav products \u2192 NOAA TraCSS.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort 106811 (PI: Siamak Hesar)", "TechPort 155358 (PI: Siamak Hesar)", "Kayhan website (founded 2019)" ], "session": 11 }, { "id": "sst-adcs-fitzcoy-swampsat", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106813, "title": "Precision ADCS \u2014 star tracker + CMGs (Langley)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "University of Florida", "title": "SwampSat \u2014 first CubeSat CMG attitude control in orbit" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Norman Fitz-Coy was PI on SST Precision ADCS (2013-2015, miniature CMGs + star tracker). He led UF SwampSat, which flew first CubeSat CMG-based attitude control in orbit. SST-funded research directly informed SwampSat's pyramidal CMG configuration.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "TechPort 106813 (PI: Norman Fitz-Coy)", "SatMagazine SwampSat article", "Utah SmallSat Conference 2014 paper" ], "session": 11 }, { "id": "sst-dankanich-isat-to-gpdm", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91492, "title": "Iodine Satellite (iSat)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155369, "title": "Green Propulsion Dual Mode (GPDM)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "John Dankanich was iSat PI (2014-2017). He appears as co-author on GPDM 'Path to Flight' paper (IEPC-2025, NTRS 20250008918). 10-year institutional propulsion continuity at MSFC. iSat cancellation did not end the MSFC small spacecraft propulsion program \u2014 it evolved into GPDM.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort 91492 (PI: John Dankanich)", "NTRS 20250008918 (co-author: John W Dankanich)" ], "session": 11 }, { "id": "sst-gpdm-lozano-electrospray", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155369, "title": "Green Propulsion Dual Mode (GPDM)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95548, "title": "Electrospray Explorer (MIT/Lozano)" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "Paulo Lozano (MIT SPL Director) co-authors GPDM paper and provides electrospray thrusters for GPDM. Lozano also runs SST [95548] and founded Accion Systems. GPDM connects MSFC to MIT's electrospray commercialization pipeline.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NTRS 20250008918 (co-author: Paulo C Lozano)", "MIT SPL news (flight hardware delivery)", "TechPort 95548" ], "session": 11 }, { "id": "sst-isat-never-flew-thrustme-first", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91492, "title": "Iodine Satellite (iSat)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "ThrustMe (France)", "title": "First iodine thruster in orbit (Beihangkongshi-1, Nov 2020)" }, "relation": "counterfactual", "mechanism": "iSat was designed to be first CubeSat with iodine Hall thruster. Stood down May 2017 for propulsion maturation, never recovered. ThrustMe flew iodine propulsion first (Nov 2020). NASA produced 11 NTRS papers but lost flight first-mover advantage.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort 91492 (Completed, no flight)", "Wikipedia Iodine Satellite", "Gunter's Space Page iSat entry" ], "session": 11 }, { "id": "sst-kamalabadi-to-visors", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95523, "title": "MAS Imaging (UIUC Kamalabadi)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NSF", "title": "VISORS distributed telescope ($4.4M NSF award 1936663)" }, "relation": "transitioned_to", "mechanism": "Kamalabadi's SST super-resolution imaging research (TRL 3\u21926) directly led to VISORS, a 2-CubeSat formation-flying telescope for solar corona imaging. VISORS team includes 4+ SST-connected researchers: D'Amico (Stanford, formation flying), GA Tech SSDL (bus), Montana State, Purdue, CU Boulder.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NSF award 1936663", "Stanford SLAB VISORS project page", "GA Tech SSDL VISORS page", "UIUC ECE press release" ], "session": 12 }, { "id": "sst-arksat1-ssib-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91603, "title": "Solid State Inflation Balloon Deorbiter (U Arkansas)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "ARKSAT-1 CubeSat", "title": "SSIB technology flew on ARKSAT-1 (ISS deploy Apr 2023 via SpaceX CRS-27)" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST-funded SSIB balloon deorbiter (2015-2017, TRL 3\u21924) selected for ARKSAT-1 via NASA CubeSat Launch Initiative (ELaNa 50). 1U CubeSat launched March 14, 2023 on SpaceX CRS-27, deployed from ISS April 2023. SSIB demonstrated drag-augmented deorbiting.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "University of Arkansas press release", "NASA ELaNa 50 manifest", "SpaceX CRS-27 launch manifest", "Gunter's Space Page ARKSAT-1" ], "session": 12 }, { "id": "sst-click-a-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 94065, "title": "CLICK CubeSat Laser Crosslink (MIT Cahoy)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "SpaceX CRS-25", "title": "CLICK-A launched July 2022, deployed ISS Sept 2022, first light Nov 2022" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "CLICK-A (3U CubeSat) launched aboard SpaceX CRS-25 to ISS July 14, 2022. Deployed by Nanoracks September 6, 2022 into 414 km orbit. First light November 10, 2022. Demonstrated fine steering mirror pointing (0.175 mrad RMS) for laser downlink. CLICK-B/C crosslink demo still in development.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort 94065 description confirms CRS-25 launch", "NASA CLICK project page", "SmallSat 2023 paper: CLICK-A Optical Communication Experiments", "Gunter's Space Page CLICK-A" ], "session": 13 }, { "id": "sst-swarm-ex-convergence-palo", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91378, "title": "X/S-band Radio (GSFC, PI Scott Palo)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NSF SWARM-EX", "title": "Palo is PI of SWARM-EX (3-CubeSat formation flying, CU Boulder, Q1 2026 launch)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Scott Palo's SST-funded CubeSat radio work at GSFC (2013-2016) and lunar comms at CU Boulder (2020-2024) fed into his role as PI of SWARM-EX, an NSF-funded 3-CubeSat formation flying mission for ionosphere-thermosphere research.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NSF spotlight on CU Boulder SWARM-EX", "CEDAR 2025 poster", "slab.stanford.edu SWARM-EX ConOps paper listing CU Boulder as lead" ], "session": 13 }, { "id": "sst-swarm-ex-convergence-damico", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95519, "title": "Autonomous Nanosatellite Swarming (Stanford D'Amico)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NSF SWARM-EX", "title": "D'Amico provides GNC for SWARM-EX (formation flying algorithms)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "D'Amico's Stanford SLAB provides formation flying GNC for both VISORS and SWARM-EX. ConOps paper hosted on slab.stanford.edu. SST funded D'Amico's formation flying research (ANS [95519], GNSS [94049]). D'Amico is the connective tissue between multiple NSF CubeSat missions.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "slab.stanford.edu SWARM-EX ConOps paper", "Stanford SLAB project page", "SLAB news: GNC for VISORS and SWARM-EX passed PDR" ], "session": 13 }, { "id": "sst-swarm-ex-convergence-lightsey", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91360, "title": "CubeSat AR&D Software (JSC, Glenn Lightsey)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "NSF SWARM-EX", "title": "GA Tech SSDL (Lightsey) is SWARM-EX partner institution" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Glenn Lightsey's SST-funded CubeSat AR&D work at JSC (2013-2016) evolved into GA Tech SSDL's CubeSat systems capability. GA Tech is a partner on SWARM-EX (same team also on VISORS). Lightsey continues publishing AR&D papers through 2024.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SWARM-EX SmallSat 2021 paper listing GA Tech", "slab.stanford.edu ConOps paper listing GA Tech", "Lightsey 2024 CV listing SWARM-EX" ], "session": 13 }, { "id": "sst-beavercube-cahoy-convergence", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 94065, "title": "CLICK (MIT Cahoy)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "MIT BeaverCube", "title": "Cahoy is PI of BeaverCube (3U CubeSat, launched June 2021)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Kerri Cahoy is PI of both SST CLICK laser crosslinks and BeaverCube coastal imaging CubeSat. Two SST technology lines converge on one MIT student mission.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "eoPortal BeaverCube page", "MIT News Nov 2020", "Cahoy Wikipedia page" ], "session": 14 }, { "id": "sst-beavercube-accion-tile2", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106827, "title": "TILE Electrospray (Accion Systems)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "MIT BeaverCube", "title": "Accion TILE 2 thruster flew on BeaverCube (June 2021)" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "Accion Systems donated TILE 2 electrospray thruster to BeaverCube student mission. SST-funded TILE technology demonstrated in orbit on a CubeSat mission led by another SST PI (Cahoy).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Accion Systems press release July 2022", "eoPortal BeaverCube page listing TILE 2 payload" ], "session": 14 }, { "id": "sst-r5-s10-momentus-rpo", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155354, "title": "R5 (JSC)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Momentus Vigoride-7", "title": "R5-S10 RPO demo on Momentus Vigoride-7 (Transporter-16, March 30 2026)" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "R5-S10 CubeSat launched as free-flying imager for Momentus Vigoride-7 orbital service vehicle. Demonstrates RPO, WiFi inter-satellite comms, LCMRS sensor. First R5 commercial partnership. 3rd successful R5 deployment (after S2/S4 on Firefly 2024).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Momentus press release Feb 9 2026", "Spaceflight Now Transporter-16 coverage March 30 2026", "Aviation Week Momentus-NASA article" ], "session": 14 }, { "id": "sst-uci-cisgam-spinout", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106835, "title": "Variable Specific Impulse Electrospray (UC Irvine, Gamero-Casta\u00f1o)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "CISGAM startup", "title": "CISGAM microfluidic electrospray thruster company (founded from SST-funded research)" }, "relation": "spinout", "mechanism": "PI Manuel Gamero-Casta\u00f1o's SST-funded electrospray research at UC Irvine led to CISGAM startup. NSF I-Corps June 2023, UCI Beall PoP grant $64K March 2024, cisgam.com active. First university SST spinout.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "UCI Samueli engineering news Sept 2023", "UCI Beall Applied Innovation news March 2024", "cisgam.com", "NSF I-Corps award page" ], "session": 14 }, { "id": "sst-gpdm-convergence-dankanich", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91492, "title": "iSat Iodine Satellite (Dankanich PI)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155369, "title": "GPDM Green Propulsion Dual Mode" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "John Dankanich was iSat PI (2014-2017) and appears as MSFC Capability Lead co-author on GPDM IEPC 2025 paper. 10-year institutional propulsion continuity at MSFC.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NTRS 20250008918 (IEPC-2025-495)", "TechPort 91492 contacts", "TechPort 155369 contacts" ], "session": 15 }, { "id": "sst-gpdm-convergence-lozano", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95548, "title": "MIT Electrospray Explorer (Lozano PI)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155369, "title": "GPDM Green Propulsion Dual Mode" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "Paulo Lozano's MIT SPL supplies GPDM electrospray thrusters. Same PI who ran SST electrospray project and founded Accion Systems. SST-funded technology IS the GPDM payload.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NTRS 20250008918 (IEPC-2025-495)", "TechPort 95548", "TechPort 106827 (Accion TILE)" ], "session": 15 }, { "id": "sst-gpdm-convergence-lightsey", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91360, "title": "CubeSat AR&D Software (Lightsey PI, JSC)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155369, "title": "GPDM Green Propulsion Dual Mode" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Glenn Lightsey moved from JSC to GA Tech SSDL. SSDL built Lunar Flashlight controller, then contracted for GPDM spacecraft design/integration. JSC\u2192GA Tech\u2192GPDM chain.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NTRS 20250008918 (IEPC-2025-495)", "TechPort 91360 contacts", "GA Tech SSDL GPDM page" ], "session": 15 }, { "id": "sst-plasma-processes-sbir-to-gpdm", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 113181, "title": "Plasma Processes Dual Mode Green Monopropellant SBIR Phase II" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155369, "title": "GPDM Green Propulsion Dual Mode" }, "relation": "sbir_pipeline", "mechanism": "Plasma Processes SBIR Phase I [102218] \u2192 Phase II [113181] \u2192 Phase III ($872K, 80NSSC23CA043) for GPDM Sprite chemical module. Dankanich PM on Phase I, Williams PM on Phase II and GPDM.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort Advanced_To [102218]\u2192[113181]", "USASpending 80NSSC23CA043 'Chemical Propulsion Module for GPDM'", "Personnel overlap (Dankanich, Williams, Hasanof)" ], "session": 16 }, { "id": "sst-espace-sbir-to-gpdm", "from": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "80NSSC21C0029", "amount": 937100, "title": "Espace Bimodal Ion-Chemical Thruster System SBIR Phase II" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155369, "title": "GPDM Green Propulsion Dual Mode" }, "relation": "sbir_pipeline", "mechanism": "Espace SBIR Phase I ($125K, 80NSSC19C0549) \u2192 Phase II ($937K, 80NSSC21C0029) \u2192 Phase III ($599K, 80NSSC23CA046) for GPDM bimodal integration electronics. 'Bimodal ion-chemical' = GPDM architecture.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort 155369 lists Espace Inc. as Other Organization", "USASpending contract titles match GPDM concept", "Martel MIT SPL connection" ], "session": 16 }, { "id": "sst-plasma-processes-lunar-flashlight-heritage", "from": { "type": "usaspending", "awardId": "80NSSC20C0005", "amount": 988100, "title": "Plasma Processes Lunar Flashlight 100 mN ASCENT Thruster" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155369, "title": "GPDM Green Propulsion Dual Mode" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "Plasma Processes 100 mN ASCENT thruster flew on Lunar Flashlight (Dec 2022). GPDM uses same 100 mN thruster class with Lunar Flashlight lessons applied (machined manifold, FOD inspections, filters).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending 80NSSC20C0005", "NTRS 20250008918 (IEPC-2025) explicitly cites Lunar Flashlight lessons", "Rubicon website" ], "session": 16 }, { "id": "sst-espace-peta-to-pint", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 9322, "title": "Espace PETA Phase II (TRL 7)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 158770, "title": "Espace PINT Phase II (Active)" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "PETA (precision electrospray for formation flying, TRL 7 by 2015) \u2192 PINT (miniaturized nano-thruster for observatory pointing). Same PI (Martel), same company, same electrospray technology family.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "TechPort PINT description references 'previous R&D results'", "Same PI and company", "Same TX01.2.2 classification" ], "session": 16 }, { "id": "sst-damico-gnss-to-starfox", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 94049, "title": "Precision GNSS Relative Nav (Stanford, D'Amico)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "Starling StarFOX", "launch": "2023-07" }, "relation": "infused_to", "mechanism": "D'Amico's SST-funded cm-level GNSS relative nav algorithms integrated into StarFOX angles-only optical navigation experiment on Starling. 0.1% relative position accuracy demonstrated.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NTRS 20240007230 (Kruger, D'Amico, Hwang)", "J. Spacecraft & Rockets DOI 10.2514/1.A35598", "Stanford SLAB project page" ], "session": 17 }, { "id": "sst-damico-ans-to-starfox", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95519, "title": "Autonomous Nanosatellite Swarming (Stanford, D'Amico)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "Starling StarFOX", "launch": "2023-07" }, "relation": "infused_to", "mechanism": "ANS swarm GN&C algorithms from SST project integrated into StarFOX experiment. Both SST grants fed same flight experiment.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NTRS 20240007230", "Stanford SLAB Starling project page" ], "session": 17 }, { "id": "sst-damico-to-visors", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95519, "title": "Autonomous Nanosatellite Swarming (Stanford, D'Amico)" }, "to": { "type": "nsf", "awardId": "1936663", "title": "VISORS (NSF $4.4M)", "amount": 4400000 }, "relation": "enabled", "mechanism": "D'Amico's SST-funded formation flying GN&C algorithms provide the formation flying backbone for VISORS distributed telescope mission.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NSF award 1936663", "SLAB VISORS project page", "D'Amico named as institutional PI" ], "session": 17 }, { "id": "sst-damico-to-swarmex", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 94049, "title": "Precision GNSS Relative Nav (Stanford, D'Amico)" }, "to": { "type": "nsf", "name": "SWARM-EX", "launch": "2026-12" }, "relation": "enabled", "mechanism": "D'Amico's SST-funded GN&C algorithms provide formation flying for SWARM-EX magnetospheric science mission.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SLAB project pages", "ELaNa 59 manifest" ], "session": 17 }, { "id": "sst-kamalabadi-mas-to-visors", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95523, "title": "Milli-Arcsecond Imaging (UIUC, Kamalabadi)" }, "to": { "type": "nsf", "awardId": "1936663", "title": "VISORS (NSF $4.4M)", "amount": 4400000 }, "relation": "advanced_to", "mechanism": "Kamalabadi's SST-funded super-resolution imaging concept became the science core of VISORS. TechPort includes NSF award link in library items.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort library item links to NSF award 1936663", "UIUC CSL press release", "NSF award abstract" ], "session": 17 }, { "id": "sst-lozano-explorer-to-gpdm", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95548, "title": "Electrospray Explorer (MIT, Lozano)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155369, "title": "GPDM" }, "relation": "infused_to", "mechanism": "Lozano's MIT SPL electrospray thrusters from SST Electrospray Explorer project are the electrospray propulsion payload on GPDM.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "GPDM IEPC paper (NTRS 20250008918)", "TechPort other_organizations lists MIT" ], "session": 17 }, { "id": "sst-raiszadeh-to-jpl", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91596, "title": "Phonon Trap Timing (Michigan, Rais-Zadeh)" }, "to": { "type": "people_chain", "name": "Rais-Zadeh \u2192 JPL Group Supervisor" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "SST PI Mina Rais-Zadeh left Michigan to become Group Supervisor of Advanced MicroSensors and Microsystems Group at JPL (by 2022).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "JPL research profile page" ], "session": 17 }, { "id": "sst-lozano-to-jiarichards", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95548, "title": "Electrospray Explorer (MIT SPL, Lozano)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155364, "title": "SmallSat Steward (Michigan, Jia-Richards)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Oliver Jia-Richards came from MIT SPL (Lozano's lab) to Michigan as Assistant Professor. His SST award is a people-chain from Lozano's lab ecosystem.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "MIT SPL website lists Jia-Richards", "Michigan Aerospace press release" ], "session": 17 }, { "id": "sst-conklin-chomptt-to-lisa", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 93925, "title": "CHOMPTT Precision Time Transfer (UF)" }, "to": { "type": "contract", "title": "LISA Charge Management Device ($12.58M)", "agency": "NASA" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "PI John Conklin (UF) leveraged CHOMPTT precision sensing flight heritage to win $12.58M LISA CMD contract. CubeSat instrument \u2192 flagship mission hardware. Same core competency at different scale.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "UF press release Dec 2020", "NASA contract award", "LISA CMD TRL6 presentation ESTF 2024" ], "session": 18 }, { "id": "sst-conklin-chomptt-to-strg", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 93925, "title": "CHOMPTT (UF, SST)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91511, "title": "DPPM Optical Comms (UF, STRG)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Same PI (Conklin) across SST and STRG programs. CHOMPTT timing expertise applied to deep-space laser comms requiring precise pulse-position modulation.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts match on both projects" ], "session": 18 }, { "id": "sst-alexeenko-femta-sst-to-fo", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95540, "title": "Distributed Attitude Control (Purdue, SST)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106637, "title": "FEMTA Suborbital Flight Test (Purdue, FO)" }, "relation": "advanced_to", "mechanism": "SST matured FEMTA TRL 3\u21926 across 3 awards (2013-2020). Flight Opportunities provided Blue Origin New Shepard suborbital flight test (2019-2025). SST\u2192FO pipeline as designed.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort FO record [106637]", "Purdue course listings VIP 479, AAE 490" ], "session": 18 }, { "id": "sst-gamero-strg-to-sst", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 92047, "title": "Electrospray Modeling (UCI, STRG)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106835, "title": "Variable Isp Electrospray (UCI, SST)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Same PI (Gamero-Casta\u00f1o) STRG modeling (TRL 2\u21924) feeds SST thruster development (TRL 5\u21927). STRG provided theoretical foundation; SST built hardware.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts match, sequential timeline" ], "session": 18 }, { "id": "sst-gamero-strg-transitioned-to-jpl", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 92047, "title": "Electrospray Modeling (UCI, STRG)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 157593, "title": "Colloid Thruster Life Testing (JPL, SAT)" }, "relation": "transitioned_to", "mechanism": "TechPort explicitly records 'Transitioned To \u2192 JPL' on [92047]. Gamero-Casta\u00f1o is Co-I on the JPL SAT life testing project [157593], alongside Busek's Demmons.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort technologyOutcomes on [92047]", "TechPort contacts on [157593]" ], "session": 18 }, { "id": "sst-gamero-sst-to-cisgam", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106835, "title": "Variable Isp Electrospray (UCI, SST)" }, "to": { "type": "company", "name": "CISGAM", "type_detail": "university spinout" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "PI Gamero-Casta\u00f1o founded CISGAM electrospray propulsion startup. NSF I-Corps (June 2023), UCI Proof of Product $64K (March 2024). First university spinout in SST portfolio.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "UCI press release Sep 2023", "UCI Beall Innovation press Mar 2024", "cisgam.com active" ], "session": 18 }, { "id": "sst-gamero-busek-heritage", "from": { "type": "company", "name": "Busek Co. Inc.", "role": "Gamero-Casta\u00f1o former employer (1999-2004)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106835, "title": "Variable Isp Electrospray (UCI, SST)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Gamero-Casta\u00f1o directed Busek's colloid thruster program (1999-2004) before moving to JPL then UCI. His SST electrospray work builds on 20+ years of personal electrospray expertise originating at Busek.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "UCI engineering profile", "Busek colloid program history" ], "session": 18 }, { "id": "sst-fitzcoy-adcs-to-swampsat", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106813, "title": "Precision ADCS (LaRC, Fitz-Coy PI)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "SwampSat", "description": "First CubeSat CMGs in orbit" }, "relation": "infused_to", "mechanism": "UF PI Norman Fitz-Coy developed star tracker + CMGs for CubeSat ADCS under SST, which transitioned to SwampSat \u2014 the first CubeSat to fly CMGs in orbit.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "UF press release", "SwampSat flight record" ], "session": 18 }, { "id": "sst-dora-iss-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106810, "title": "DORA Deployable Optical Receiver (ASU)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "DORA CubeSat", "description": "ISS deploy Oct 2024, 56-day lifetime, partial success" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "DORA deployed from ISS Oct 8, 2024. Optical comms experiment curtailed by 56-day orbital lifetime (Solar Cycle 25 drag). Radio Background Experiment succeeded. Partial flight success.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "ASU press Aug 2024", "SmallSat 2025 orbital decay paper", "SatNOGS data" ], "session": 18 }, { "id": "sst-lameres-radsat-to-fo-testing", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91661, "title": "RadSat FPGA Computer (SST/GSFC)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91411, "title": "FPGA Rad-Tolerant Computer Testing (FO)" }, "relation": "parallel_dual_use", "mechanism": "SST and FO funded concurrent work on same technology: SST matured core architecture (GSFC-led), FO validated via flight testing (Montana State-led). Same PI (LaMeres).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort records, both 2013 start, same PI", "FO [91411] outcome: Advanced To 2014-08-01" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-lameres-radsat-to-iss-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91661, "title": "RadSat FPGA Computer (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "RadSat-g", "description": "3U CubeSat deployed from ISS July 2018" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST-funded RadPC architecture deployed to ISS on OA-9 (March 2018), put in orbit July 2018. Successful radiation tolerance demo in LEO.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA ISS manifest", "ESA RadSat page", "Montana State press" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-lameres-radsat-to-resilient-computing", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91661, "title": "RadSat FPGA Computer (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "company", "name": "Resilient Computing, LLC", "description": "MSU spinout founded 2020, licensed RadPC 2021" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "LaMeres founded Resilient Computing (2020), licensed RadPC from Montana State (2021). $2.78M federal contracts (5 NASA + 1 DoD/SOCOM). RadPC landed on Moon (Blue Ghost 1, CLPS, March 2025).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending 6 awards totaling $2.78M", "Bozeman Daily Chronicle company launch article", "NASA CLPS Blue Ghost 1 press", "SBIR.gov firm page" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-lameres-radpc-lunar-landing", "from": { "type": "company", "name": "Resilient Computing, LLC" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "Blue Ghost 1 (CLPS)", "description": "RadPC on lunar surface, Mare Crisium, March 2025" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "RadPC selected as CLPS payload on Firefly Blue Ghost 1. Landed March 2025. Met mission objectives. Operated through Van Allen belt and into lunar night. Longest-duration instrument of all 10 payloads.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA CLPS press release Jan 2025", "NASASpaceflight Blue Ghost landing coverage", "Bozeman Daily Chronicle" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-christian-jsc-to-gatech", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91474, "title": "MEMS IMU Swarms Nav (SST/JSC, Christian)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155359, "title": "Autonomous Optical Nav (SST/GA Tech, Christian)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "John Christian PI on both: JSC (2013) then GA Tech (2023), 11 years apart. Same research thread (spacecraft optical navigation). Career move JSC\u2192WVU\u2192GA Tech.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts: same PI on both", "GA Tech faculty page", "AAS Fellow 2021" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-christian-to-artemis-i", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155359, "title": "Autonomous Optical Nav (SST/GA Tech)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "Artemis I Orion OPNAV", "description": "Optical navigation system on Orion spacecraft, Nov 2022" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "TechPort description states 'Both PI and NASA partner were involved with Orion's OPNAV system in the recent Artemis 1 mission.' Christian's OPNAV algorithms developed through JSC career + SST/STRG/NIAC funding.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort [155359] description", "GA Tech press", "NASA Artemis I documentation" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-christian-to-lunar-flashlight-lonestar", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155359, "title": "Autonomous Optical Nav (SST/GA Tech)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "Lunar Flashlight LONEStar", "description": "Extended mission optical nav experiments, Aug-Dec 2023" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "After Lunar Flashlight propulsion failure, NASA transferred ownership to GA Tech. Christian's team performed LONEStar: ~400 images, first on-orbit heliocentric nav using only planet observations. Published in Journal of Astronautical Sciences 2024.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Springer JAS 2024 LONEStar paper", "GA Tech press Feb 2025", "NASA Lunar Flashlight page" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-manchester-kicksat-to-py4", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 14626, "title": "KickSat ChipSat Demo (ARC CIF)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155367, "title": "PY4 Swarm (SST/CMU)" }, "relation": "technology_heritage", "mechanism": "KickSat (2012) \u2192 PyCubed platform \u2192 V-R3x (FO) \u2192 PY4 (SST). 12-year swarm technology lineage. PY4 description: 'builds on the PyCubed open-source avionics platform and the previous V-R3x mission.'", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort [155367] description", "PyCubed SmallSat 2019 paper", "CMU press March 2024" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-py4-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155367, "title": "PY4 CubeSat Swarm (SST/CMU)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "PY4 4\u00d71.5U swarm", "description": "SpaceX Transporter-10, March 4, 2024" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "4 CubeSats launched Transporter-10. Successfully demonstrated mesh networking, inter-satellite ranging, relative orbit determination, magnetorquer-only sun pointing.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA press release", "CMU press March 2024", "SatNews", "SmallSat 2024 paper" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-lauretta-osirisrex-context", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 95600, "title": "ML Asteroid Nav (SST/U Arizona)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "OSIRIS-REx", "description": "Flagship asteroid sample return, PI Lauretta" }, "relation": "context", "mechanism": "Reversed People Chain: flagship PI (Lauretta, OSIRIS-REx $800M+) used SST to develop supporting ML navigation tech. SST started March 2018; OSIRIS-REx launched Sep 2016, arrived Bennu Dec 2018. Parallel development.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts", "OSIRIS-REx mission page", "Wikipedia OSIRIS-REx" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-arksat1-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91603, "title": "SSIB Balloon Deorbiter (SST/U Arkansas)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "ARKSAT-1", "description": "1U CubeSat, ISS deploy Apr 2023 (ELaNa 50, CRS-27)" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST-funded SSIB deorbit balloon selected for ARKSAT-1 under NASA CubeSat Launch Initiative (ELaNa 50). Launched CRS-27 March 14, 2023. Arkansas' first satellite.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA ELaNa 50 manifest", "U Arkansas press", "SmallSat 2023 paper", "Gunter's Space Page" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-huang-sst-to-epscor", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91603, "title": "SSIB Balloon Deorbiter (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 157246, "title": "ARKSAT-2 Propulsion Demo (EPSCoR)" }, "relation": "followed_by", "mechanism": "Huang (Co-I) on EPSCoR ARKSAT-2 after being PI on SST SSIB. SST\u2192EPSCoR pipeline for capacity building in EPSCoR state (Arkansas).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts: Huang on both projects" ], "session": 19 }, { "id": "sst-jones-strg-to-sst", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91512, "title": "Automated Robust Maneuver Design (STRG, CU Boulder)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106826, "title": "Surface Feature Nav & Timing (SST, UT Austin)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Brandon Jones PI on both. CU Boulder (STRG, 2015-2019) \u2192 UT Austin (SST, 2020-2027). Autonomous maneuver planning \u2192 crater-based lunar navigation. Career move IS the technology transfer.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts: Brandon M Jones PI on both", "UT Austin faculty page", "CAELUS Lab website" ], "session": 20 }, { "id": "sst-ut-austin-scope1", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106826, "title": "Surface Feature Nav & Timing (SST)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "name": "SCOPE-1", "description": "SpaceCraft for Optical-based Position Estimation-1, LEO CubeSat demo, launch ~end 2026" }, "relation": "flew", "mechanism": "SST-funded CNT algorithms validated via LEO CubeSat using coastal features as proxy for lunar craters. NASA agreement for launch secured. Built by Texas Spacecraft Laboratory.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "UT Austin Cockrell School press release", "CAELUS Lab website", "Oden Institute profile" ], "session": 20 }, { "id": "sst-vahala-irad-sat-sst", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 96365, "title": "Optical Etalon for RV (SAT, Caltech)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155361, "title": "Microphotonic Clocks (SST, Caltech)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Vahala PI/Co-I + Matsko Co-I on both projects. Same OFC photonic technology, different applications: exoplanet detection \u2192 cislunar timekeeping. SAT\u2192SST cross-program.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts: Vahala and Matsko on both projects" ], "session": 20 }, { "id": "sst-matsko-caltech-ucla-bridge", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155361, "title": "Microphotonic Clocks (SST, Caltech)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106828, "title": "LunaNet PNT Module (SST, UCLA)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Andrey Matsko (JPL) is Co-I on both SST projects. Caltech (timing/clocks) + UCLA (inertial sensing) = complementary layers of LunaNet PNT stack, connected by same JPL researcher.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts: Matsko Co-I on 155361 and 106828" ], "session": 20 }, { "id": "sst-munday-strg-to-sst", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91770, "title": "Radiation Pressure Metamaterials (STRG, UMD)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91330, "title": "Solar Sail RCD Attitude Control (SST, UMD)" }, "relation": "advanced_to", "mechanism": "TechPort Advanced_To link. Munday PI on both. STRG fundamental radiation pressure physics (TRL 2\u21923) \u2192 SST applied solar sail PDLC control (TRL 3\u21924). Munday later moved to UC Davis.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort technologyOutcomes Advanced_To on 91770", "TechPort contacts: Munday PI on both" ], "session": 20 }, { "id": "sst-sdsu-sst-to-fo", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106823, "title": "5G Ka-Band Phased Array (SST, SDSU)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106617, "title": "FIGARO-FT Flight Test (FO, SDSU)" }, "relation": "followed_by", "mechanism": "Sharma PI on both. SST developed the 5G Ka-band flat-panel phased array (TRL 3\u21925). FO flew it on high-altitude balloon Sep 26, 2024 (TRL 4\u21925). SST\u2192FO pipeline confirmed.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts: Sharma PI on both", "NASA FO flight summary page", "Stratocat HAB record 2024-09-26", "NTRS 20250004153" ], "session": 20 }, { "id": "sst-ucla-sst-to-fo", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106828, "title": "LunaNet PNT Module (SST, UCLA)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 145005, "title": "High-Precision Nav Module (FO, UCLA)" }, "relation": "followed_by", "mechanism": "Chee Wei Wong PI on both. SST developed optomechanical accelerometer for cislunar PNT (TRL 3\u21923). FO funded flight test of same tech (TRL 4\u21926). SST\u2192FO pipeline confirmed.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "TechPort contacts: Wong PI on both projects" ], "session": 20 }, { "id": "sst-sdsu-5gantennatech-spinout", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106823, "title": "5G Ka-Band Phased Array (SST, SDSU)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "5GAntennaTech LLC", "title": "Sharma-founded company commercializing phased array technology" }, "relation": "spinout", "mechanism": "Sharma is IEEE Fellow and CEO/founder of 5GAntennaTech LLC. Company commercializes phased array antenna technology. Relationship to SST-funded work is suggestive (may focus on terrestrial 5G).", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "SDSU faculty page", "LinkedIn profile", "IEEE Boston seminar listing" ], "session": 20 }, { "id": "sst-lunanet-pnt-stack", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106826, "title": "Surface Feature Nav (SST, UT Austin)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "LunaNet Architecture", "title": "4-project SST-funded LunaNet PNT stack (UT Austin positioning + UCLA sensing + Caltech timing + SDSU comms)" }, "relation": "architecture_contribution", "mechanism": "Four SST projects develop complementary layers of LunaNet: positioning (UT Austin [106826]), inertial sensing (UCLA [106828]), timing (Caltech [155361]), communications relay (SDSU [106823]). Matsko (JPL) bridges UCLA+Caltech. All target cislunar operations.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "TechPort project descriptions all reference LunaNet", "Matsko Co-I on UCLA + Caltech" ], "session": 20 }, { "id": "sst-starfish-sda-pwsa-deorbit", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 182206, "title": "SSPICY (NASA SST Phase III)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "SDA contract", "title": "SDA PWSA end-of-life deorbit mission ($52.5M)" }, "relation": "parallel_dual_use", "mechanism": "Same Otter platform used for SDA constellation deorbit. First dedicated LEO constellation end-of-life disposal mission. Announced Jan 2026.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Via Satellite Jan 2026: SDA signs with Starfish Space for PWSA deorbit", "Starfish Series B press release confirms SDA contract" ], "session": 27 }, { "id": "sst-starfish-spaceforce-apfit-geo", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 182206, "title": "SSPICY (NASA SST Phase III)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Space Force APFIT contract", "title": "Space Force APFIT second Otter for GEO servicing ($54.5M)" }, "relation": "parallel_dual_use", "mechanism": "Second Otter for GEO satellite servicing. APFIT program (Accelerate Procurement/Fielding of Innovative Technologies). Builds on $37.5M STRATFI. Announced Feb 2026.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SpaceNews Feb 2026: Space Force awards $54.5M to Starfish Space", "GeekWire Feb 2026: wins $54.5M Space Force contract", "Breaking Defense Feb 2026: Space Force buys second Otter" ], "session": 27 }, { "id": "sst-starfish-series-b", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 182206, "title": "SSPICY (NASA SST Phase III)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "VC funding", "title": "Starfish Space $100M+ Series B (Point72 Ventures lead)" }, "relation": "enabled_funding", "mechanism": "Series B explicitly references SSPICY as one of contracted missions validating the Otter platform. Total VC now $150M+.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Starfish Space press release: Series B, Point72 Ventures lead", "Press release lists SSPICY among active contracted missions" ], "session": 27 }, { "id": "sst-starfish-intelsat-geo", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 182206, "title": "SSPICY (NASA SST Phase III)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Intelsat contract", "title": "Intelsat GEO satellite life extension mission (2026)" }, "relation": "parallel_dual_use", "mechanism": "Otter platform commercialized for GEO life extension. First commercial servicing customer. Dock with retired sat, then extend operational sat life.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Intelsat press release Jul 2024", "SpaceNews: Starfish Space to extend Intelsat satellite life" ], "session": 27 }, { "id": "sst-r5s10-momentus-rpo", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 155354, "title": "R5 (JSC CubeSat series)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Momentus partnership", "title": "R5-S10 RPO with Momentus Vigoride-7 (Transporter-16, Mar 2026)" }, "relation": "mission_partnership", "mechanism": "R5-S10 acts as free-flying imager for Momentus Vigoride-7 OSV. Joint RPO demo + inter-satellite WiFi (Solstar) + LCMRS sensor. First commercial RPO partner for R5.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Momentus press release Feb 2026: NASA partnership for in-orbit servicing", "NASA R5 page confirms Transporter-16 launch Mar 30, 2026" ], "session": 27 }, { "id": "sst-disksat-orbotic-licensing", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106801, "title": "DiskSat" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Orbotic Systems", "title": "DiskSat commercial licensing — Orbotic Systems (debris remediation)" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "Orbotic Systems signed first DiskSat commercial licensing agreement (Feb 2026). Startup focused on space debris remediation using DiskSat flat-plate platform.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Via Satellite (2026-02-03): Satlyt to Integrate Edge Computing Into Aerospace Corp DiskSat Platform", "Aerospace Corp DiskSat page confirms commercial licensing" ], "session": 28 }, { "id": "sst-disksat-satlyt-licensing", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106801, "title": "DiskSat" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Satlyt", "title": "DiskSat commercial licensing — Satlyt (edge computing)" }, "relation": "commercialized", "mechanism": "Satlyt (San Francisco) signed DiskSat commercial licensing agreement (Feb 2026). Edge computing payload integration onto flat-plate platform.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Via Satellite (2026-02-03): Satlyt to Integrate Edge Computing Into Aerospace Corp DiskSat Platform" ], "session": 28 }, { "id": "sst-starfish-otter-pup2-new-partner", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 182206, "title": "SSPICY (Starfish Space)" }, "to": { "type": "external", "source": "Starfish Space Otter Pup 2", "title": "Otter Pup 2 new docking partner (replacing D-Orbit, Mar 2026)" }, "relation": "mission_partnership", "mechanism": "D-Orbit backed out of Otter Pup 2 docking partnership late 2025. Starfish announced new (undisclosed) partner Mar 26, 2026. Pre-SSPICY docking demo.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "SpaceNews (2026-03-26): Starfish Space finds a new partner for docking demonstration mission", "Orbital Today (2026-03-30): Starfish Space Selects New Partner For Its Otter Pup 2 Mission" ], "session": 28 }, { "id": "sst-busek-mda-shield", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106807, "title": "Busek Iodine RF Ion Thruster (SST seed)" }, "to": { "type": "contract", "source": "MDA", "title": "SHIELD initial order (HQ085926FF411, Dec 2025)" }, "relation": "defense_adoption", "mechanism": "Busek is now the 3rd SST-heritage propulsion company (alongside Accion/Revolution Space and Turion Space) holding MDA SHIELD initial orders. Three independent SST investments converging on Golden Dome missile defense.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending: HQ085926FF411, $500, 2025-12-29 to 2035-12-28, 'SCALABLE HOMELAND INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISE LAYERED DEFENSE (SHIELD) INITIAL ORDER'" ], "session": 33 }, { "id": "sst-bct-pandora-mission", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106822, "title": "Starling swarm (BCT XB bus heritage)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "source": "NASA/RTX", "title": "Pandora exoplanet mission (Saturn-200 minisatellite, Jan 2026)" }, "relation": "bus_reuse", "mechanism": "BCT/RTX Saturn-200 minisatellite for NASA Pandora exoplanet atmosphere study. Launched Jan 2026. Extends BCT bus platform from CubeSat swarms to minisatellite science missions.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "RTX press release (2026-01-14): RTX provides Blue Canyon satellite for interstellar mission" ], "session": 33 }, { "id": "sst-phase-four-darpa-otter-abep", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106833, "title": "Phase Four RF Thruster Lifetime Testing (GRC)" }, "to": { "type": "external_contract", "agency": "DARPA", "program": "Otter", "value_usd": 14900000, "title": "Air-Breathing Electric Propulsion for VLEO" }, "relation": "enabled", "mechanism": "SST ACO lifetime testing validated Phase Four's RF thruster technology. DARPA awarded $14.9M Otter contract (Apr 2024) for air-breathing EP at 90-450 km VLEO. The RF thruster's propellant-agnostic architecture (validated in part through SST testing) is the key enabler for atmospheric gas ingestion.", "confidence": "suggestive", "evidence": [ "PR Newswire (2024-04-04): DARPA Awards Phase Four $14.9M Contract for ABEP", "Phase Four press release: 9 satellites, 5,300+ days on-orbit heritage" ], "session": 34 }, { "id": "sst-advanced-space-planetary-defense", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106812, "title": "CAPS — Cis Lunar Autonomous Positioning Software" }, "to": { "type": "external_contract", "agency": "NASA", "awardId": "80NSSC25C0411", "value_usd": 150000, "title": "Planetary Defense Rapid Recon Study" }, "relation": "enabled", "mechanism": "CAPS cislunar navigation expertise expanded to planetary defense mission design. SBIR Phase III ($150K, Sep-Dec 2025) for rapid reconnaissance trajectory analysis. Shows Advanced Space diversifying beyond cislunar into planetary defense domain.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending: 80NSSC25C0411 ($150K, 2025-09-15 to 2025-12-31)" ], "session": 34 }, { "id": "sst-stellar-iceye-batteries", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106831, "title": "Stellar Exploration Nanosatellite Propulsion Qualification" }, "to": { "type": "commercial", "entity": "ICEYE", "title": "ICEYE SAR constellation battery systems" }, "relation": "company_diversification", "mechanism": "Stellar Exploration, SST-qualified propulsion maker, also supplies high-current lithium-ion battery systems for ICEYE SAR constellation (~4,000 cells in orbit). Shows company is multi-product (propulsion + power), not propulsion-only.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Stellar Exploration missions page (stellar-exploration.com/missions)" ], "session": 35 }, { "id": "sst-stellar-lightsail", "from": { "type": "commercial", "entity": "Stellar Exploration", "title": "LightSail-A CubeSat integration (2010-2013)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106831, "title": "Stellar Exploration SST qualification" }, "relation": "prior_heritage", "mechanism": "Stellar built 2x 3U CubeSats for Planetary Society's LightSail solar sail mission (2010-2013, launched 2015-2016), establishing CubeSat integration capability 5+ years before SST involvement.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Stellar Exploration missions page (stellar-exploration.com/missions)" ], "session": 35 }, { "id": "sst-exoterra-voyager-fy2025", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106825, "title": "ExoTerra Courier SEP Module (SST Tipping Point)" }, "to": { "type": "commercial", "entity": "Voyager Technologies (NYSE: VOYG)", "title": "Voyager FY2025 financials: $166.4M revenue, $265.6M backlog" }, "relation": "acquisition_outcome", "mechanism": "ExoTerra acquired by Voyager Technologies (Oct 2025). Voyager FY2025 net sales $166.4M (+15% YoY), record backlog $265.6M, 2026 guidance $225-255M. Littleton facility quadrupling capacity. ExoTerra's Halo/Iris250 is a key propulsion segment contributor. NASA's $6M SBIR investment is now embedded in public defense company infrastructure.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Voyager Q4 2025 earnings (BusinessWire, Mar 2026)", "Autonomy Global: Voyager production capacity article (Apr 2026)" ], "session": 35 }, { "id": "sst-tui-hydros-punch-flight", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91500, "title": "HYDROS water electrolysis thruster (SST Tipping Point)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "entity": "NASA PUNCH", "title": "PUNCH 4-spacecraft heliophysics constellation (launched Mar 11, 2025)" }, "relation": "flew_on", "mechanism": "HYDROS-C water propulsion on all 4 PUNCH microsatellites. Successfully hot-fired April 2025. All 4 spacecraft in final science orbits by Aug 2025. TUI also provided SWIFT-XTS SDR for comms. HYDROS graduated from SST tech demo (PTD-1 2021) to operational science mission propulsion.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SwRI press release: PUNCH constellation launches (Mar 2025)", "SwRI PUNCH news: Three swift kicks (Apr 2025 hot-fire)", "NASA/JPL launch announcement (Mar 2025)", "SatNews: TUI to participate in PUNCH mission (Jun 2020, contract announcement)" ], "session": 36 }, { "id": "sst-rubicon-afrl-1n-contract", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 113181, "title": "Rubicon/Plasma Processes Dual Mode Green Monopropellant SBIR Phase II" }, "to": { "type": "contract", "entity": "AFRL", "title": "FA930022C6008 — 1N long-life ASCENT thruster demonstration ($5.53M)" }, "relation": "defense_contract", "mechanism": "Rubicon's SBIR-developed ASCENT thruster technology → $5.53M AFRL contract for 1N long-life thrusters (2021-2026). Largest single Rubicon/PP contract. Confirms defense crossover from NASA SBIR pipeline.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending FA930022C6008 ($5.53M, 2021-2026)", "SpaceNews: Rubicon wins NASA and AFRL ASCENT thruster contracts (Dec 2023)" ], "session": 36 }, { "id": "sst-rubicon-110n-sbir-phase-iii", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 113181, "title": "Rubicon/Plasma Processes Dual Mode Green Monopropellant SBIR Phase II" }, "to": { "type": "contract", "entity": "NASA", "title": "80NSSC23CA229 — 110N ASCENT Thruster Development SBIR Phase III ($211.9K)" }, "relation": "advanced_to", "mechanism": "Rubicon scaling ASCENT from 0.1N (Lunar Flashlight/GPDM) to 110N class — 1000x thrust increase. Applications: main engines for lunar landers, space stations, orbit insertion. SBIR Phase III for initial development.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "USASpending 80NSSC23CA229 ($211.9K, 2023-2025)", "SpaceNews: Rubicon wins NASA contract to develop large ASCENT thruster (Dec 2025)" ], "session": 36 }, { "id": "sst-rubicon-30-thrusters-commercial", "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91500, "title": "HYDROS SST (context: Rubicon ASCENT product line parallel)" }, "to": { "type": "commercial", "entity": "Rubicon Space Systems", "title": "30+ thrusters sold (as of 2025)" }, "relation": "commercial_sales", "mechanism": "Rubicon's ASCENT thruster product line (0.1N through 110N) has achieved 30+ thruster sales. Product line spans flight-proven 0.1N, AFRL-qualified 1N, SBIR-developed 5N, and prototyping 110N.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Rubicon website / SpaceNews (2025)", "Rubicon product page: 0.1N, 1N, 5N, 110N ASCENT thrusters" ], "session": 36 }, { "id": 165, "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91649, "title": "PTD-1 (Tyvak bus)" }, "to": { "type": "defense", "entity": "Terran Orbital / Lockheed Martin", "title": "SDA Tranche 1 Transport Layer — 42 bus platforms delivered" }, "relation": "production_contract", "mechanism": "PTD bus heritage matured via SST → SDA Tranche 0 (10 sats, launched Sep 2023) → Tranche 1 (42 buses delivered Sep 2025, first 21 sats launched Sep 10, 2025). Bus platform scaled from 6U CubeSat to SDA production line.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Terran Orbital press release, Sep 23, 2025", "SDA Tranche 1 Transport Layer first launch, Sep 10, 2025" ], "session": 37 }, { "id": 166, "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91649, "title": "PTD-1 (Tyvak bus)" }, "to": { "type": "defense", "entity": "Terran Orbital / Lockheed Martin", "title": "SDA Tranche 3 Tracking Layer — $1.1B LM contract, 18 sats" }, "relation": "production_contract", "mechanism": "Lockheed Martin won $1.1B SDA T3 Tracking Layer contract (Dec 19, 2025) for 18 sats. Terran Orbital selected as bus provider, continuing T0/T1/T2 heritage. Launch by FY2029.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Lockheed Martin press release, Dec 19, 2025", "Terran Orbital press release, Jan 2026" ], "session": 37 }, { "id": 167, "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106822, "title": "Starling swarm (BCT/ARC)" }, "to": { "type": "operational", "entity": "NASA ARC / SpaceX", "title": "Starling 1.5 autonomous conjunction avoidance with Starlink" }, "relation": "operational_demo", "mechanism": "Starling 1.5 STM extension: Starling CubeSats used SpaceX Starlink screening service, accepted maneuver responsibility, and autonomously executed conjunction avoidance — first automated inter-operator conjunction resolution. US Office of Space Commerce participated.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA ARC press release, 2025", "SmallSat Conference 2025 paper" ], "session": 37 }, { "id": 168, "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106822, "title": "Starling swarm (BCT/ARC)" }, "to": { "type": "operational", "entity": "NASA ARC DSA", "title": "Distributed Spacecraft Autonomy — 5 historic firsts" }, "relation": "technology_demo", "mechanism": "Starling DSA (Aug 2023–May 2024) achieved 5 historic firsts in distributed autonomous spacecraft operations. Scalability study demonstrated feasibility up to 60 spacecraft in simulated lunar orbit.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NASA press release, Feb 4, 2025", "NTRS 20240004120" ], "session": 37 }, { "id": 169, "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91596, "title": "Phonon Trap Timing (U Michigan, Rais-Zadeh)" }, "to": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 106819, "title": "Lunar Flashlight (JPL)" }, "relation": "people_chain", "mechanism": "Mina Rais-Zadeh, PI on SST phonon trap timing at U Michigan (2015–2018), moved to JPL Group Supervisor and co-authored Lunar Flashlight SWIR instrument paper (NTRS 20210008744). Two SST people chains converge on Lunar Flashlight.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "NTRS 20210008744 author list", "U Michigan org page session 17" ], "session": 38 }, { "id": 170, "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91661, "title": "RadSat (GSFC/Montana State)" }, "to": { "type": "commercial", "entity": "Resilient Computing / Blue Ghost 1", "title": "RadPC on the Moon (CLPS, Jan 2025)" }, "relation": "spinout_to_lunar", "mechanism": "Brock LaMeres' SST RadSat (2013–2016) → RadSat-g ISS flight (2018) → Resilient Computing spinout (2020) → US Patent 11,966,284 (2024) → RadPC on Blue Ghost 1 (Firefly Aerospace CLPS lander, launched Jan 14, 2025). 3× more stable than rad-hard state-of-art. 12-year SST seed to lunar surface.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "Bozeman Daily Chronicle Jan 2025", "Resilient Computing website", "USPTO 11,966,284" ], "session": 38 }, { "id": 171, "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 91378, "title": "High Rate X/S-band Comms (GSFC/Palo)" }, "to": { "type": "mission", "entity": "MAXWELL CubeSat", "title": "MAXWELL 6U CubeSat (ELaNa 59, Dec 2026)" }, "relation": "technology_maturation", "mechanism": "Scott Palo's SST X-band radio (2013–2016) matured into MAXWELL 6U CubeSat with 1m reflectarray. AFRL UNP-9 winner. Launches Dec 2026 on same ELaNa 59 as SWARM-EX (another SST-connected mission).", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "CU Boulder MAXWELL project page", "Gunter's Space Page" ], "session": 38 }, { "id": 172, "from": { "type": "techport", "projectId": 116400, "title": "SSEP H71M Hall thruster (GRC/NG)" }, "to": { "type": "commercial", "entity": "Northrop Grumman MRV", "title": "MRV satellite servicer (2026 launch, 3 customers)" }, "relation": "technology_to_product", "mechanism": "NGHT-1X (licensed H71M) completed Engineering Model, progressing to qualification. Powers MEP (350 kg, 6-year life extension). MRV launches 2026 on SpaceX with 3 customers (2 Intelsat + 1 Optus). SST's highest-revenue commercial outcome if launched.", "confidence": "confirmed", "evidence": [ "SpaceNews 2025", "NG press releases", "NTRS 20230016674 (IEPC-2024)" ], "session": 38 } ] }